[Area] 108,900 square kilometers.

[Population] 18.6 million (2022). Indians comprise 41% of the population, while the rest are Indo-Europeans and descendants of European immigrants.

[Capital] Ciudad de Guatemala, 996 square kilometers, population 3.015 million (2022). It is at an altitude of 1,480 meters above sea level.

[Brief description] It is located in northwestern Central America. It borders Mexico in the west and north, Belize in the northeast, Honduras, and El Salvador in the southeast, the Gulf of Honduras in the Caribbean Sea in the east, and the Pacific Ocean in the south. The coastline is about 500 kilometers long. Mountains and volcanoes, fertile soil in the coastal plains, and high forest cover in the north characterize the territory. The climate is mainly subtropical, with an average annual temperature of 16-20 ℃, the rainy season from May to October, and the dry season from November to April.

Guatemala was once one of the centers of Mayan culture and was colonized by Spain in 1524, declared independence on September 15, 1821, joined the Central American Federation in 1823, and established a republic in 1839, which was under the dictatorial rule for a long time. After a long period of dictatorship, the country began a process of democratization in 1944, and 1954 it entered a period of alternating right-wing military and civilian governments, with the emergence of a left-wing military organization in 1960 and the merger of the leftist guerrilla groups throughout the country to form the “Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (National Revolutionary Union of Guatemala)” (URNG) in 1982, which led to a nationwide armed struggle. In December 1996, the Arzú Government (National Vanguard Party) and the Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG) reached the Final Peace Accords, ending 36 years of civil strife. Since then, there has been a normal turnover of governments through democratic elections and a high degree of political fragmentation, but the political situation has been generally stable.

 (Source: Official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China:https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gj_676203/bmz_679954/)